diff --git a/src/main/frontend/app/routes/studio/canvas/edgetypes/edge-label.tsx b/src/main/frontend/app/routes/studio/canvas/edgetypes/edge-label.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9ee1d854
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/frontend/app/routes/studio/canvas/edgetypes/edge-label.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+import type { Point } from '~/utils/edge-label-utils'
+
+type EdgeLabelProperties = {
+  position: Point
+  text: string
+  selected?: boolean
+  onDelete: () => void
+}
+
+export default function EdgeLabel({ position, text, selected, onDelete }: Readonly<EdgeLabelProperties>) {
+  return (
+    <div
+      style={{
+        position: 'absolute',
+        transform: `translate(-50%, -50%) translate(${position.x}px,${position.y}px)`,
+        pointerEvents: 'all',
+        zIndex: 20,
+      }}
+      className="nodrag flex flex-col items-center"
+    >
+      <p className="bg-background border-border relative rounded-md border p-1 px-2 text-sm">
+        {text}
+        {selected && (
+          <button
+            className="text-foreground absolute -top-3 -right-2.5 rounded-full border border-black shadow-sm hover:border-red-400 hover:text-red-400"
+            onClick={onDelete}
+          >
+            <svg width="15" height="15" viewBox="0 0 15 15" stroke="currentColor" strokeLinecap="round">
+              <line x1="5" y1="5" x2="10" y2="10" />
+              <line x1="5" y1="10" x2="10" y2="5" />
+            </svg>
+          </button>
+        )}
+      </p>
+    </div>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/src/main/frontend/app/routes/studio/canvas/edgetypes/frank-edge.tsx b/src/main/frontend/app/routes/studio/canvas/edgetypes/frank-edge.tsx
index c17de12b..5df3a138 100644
--- a/src/main/frontend/app/routes/studio/canvas/edgetypes/frank-edge.tsx
+++ b/src/main/frontend/app/routes/studio/canvas/edgetypes/frank-edge.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 import { BaseEdge, EdgeLabelRenderer, getBezierPath, type Position } from '@xyflow/react'
 import useFlowStore from '~/stores/flow-store'
+import { getEdgeLabelPositions } from '~/utils/edge-label-utils'
+import EdgeLabel from './edge-label'
 
 export type FrankEdgeProperties = {
   id: string
@@ -59,34 +61,24 @@ export default function FrankEdge({
     targetPosition,
   })
 
+  const labelPositions = getEdgeLabelPositions(
+    { sourceX, sourceY, targetX, targetY, sourcePosition, targetPosition },
+    { x: labelX, y: labelY },
+  )
+
   return (
     <>
       <BaseEdge id={id} path={edgePath} style={{ strokeWidth: 3 }} />
       <EdgeLabelRenderer>
-        <div
-          style={{
-            position: 'absolute',
-            transform: `translate(-50%, -50%) translate(${labelX}px,${labelY}px)`,
-            pointerEvents: 'all',
-            zIndex: 20,
-          }}
-          className="nodrag flex flex-col items-center"
-        >
-          <p className="bg-background border-border relative rounded-md border p-1 px-2 text-sm">
-            {sourceHandleType}
-            {selected && (
-              <button
-                className="text-foreground absolute -top-3 -right-2.5 rounded-full border border-black shadow-sm hover:border-red-400 hover:text-red-400"
-                onClick={() => deleteEdge(id)}
-              >
-                <svg width="15" height="15" viewBox="0 0 15 15" stroke="currentColor" strokeLinecap="round">
-                  <line x1="5" y1="5" x2="10" y2="10" />
-                  <line x1="5" y1="10" x2="10" y2="5" />
-                </svg>
-              </button>
-            )}
-          </p>
-        </div>
+        {labelPositions.map((position) => (
+          <EdgeLabel
+            key={`${position.x},${position.y}`}
+            position={position}
+            text={sourceHandleType}
+            selected={selected}
+            onDelete={() => deleteEdge(id)}
+          />
+        ))}
       </EdgeLabelRenderer>
     </>
   )
diff --git a/src/main/frontend/app/utils/edge-label-utils.spec.ts b/src/main/frontend/app/utils/edge-label-utils.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0600ec31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/frontend/app/utils/edge-label-utils.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+import {
+  getEdgeLabelPositions,
+  getEdgeLength,
+  getPointOnBezierEdge,
+  SHORT_EDGE_LABEL_THRESHOLD,
+} from './edge-label-utils'
+
+const horizontal = (length: number) => ({
+  sourceX: 0,
+  sourceY: 0,
+  targetX: length,
+  targetY: 0,
+  sourcePosition: 'right',
+  targetPosition: 'left',
+})
+
+describe('getEdgeLength', () => {
+  it('returns the Pythagorean distance between the handles', () => {
+    expect(getEdgeLength({ sourceX: 0, sourceY: 0, targetX: 3, targetY: 4 })).toBe(5)
+  })
+
+  it('returns 0 for coincident handles', () => {
+    expect(getEdgeLength({ sourceX: 10, sourceY: 20, targetX: 10, targetY: 20 })).toBe(0)
+  })
+})
+
+describe('getPointOnBezierEdge', () => {
+  const geometry = {
+    sourceX: 0,
+    sourceY: 0,
+    targetX: 200,
+    targetY: 0,
+    sourcePosition: 'right',
+    targetPosition: 'left',
+  }
+
+  it('returns the source handle at t = 0', () => {
+    expect(getPointOnBezierEdge(geometry, 0)).toEqual({ x: 0, y: 0 })
+  })
+
+  it('returns the target handle at t = 1', () => {
+    expect(getPointOnBezierEdge(geometry, 1)).toEqual({ x: 200, y: 0 })
+  })
+
+  it('returns the midpoint at t = 0.5 for a symmetric horizontal edge', () => {
+    expect(getPointOnBezierEdge(geometry, 0.5)).toEqual({ x: 100, y: 0 })
+  })
+})
+
+describe('getEdgeLabelPositions', () => {
+  const center = { x: 50, y: 50 }
+
+  it('keeps a single centred label for forwards shorter than the threshold', () => {
+    const positions = getEdgeLabelPositions(horizontal(SHORT_EDGE_LABEL_THRESHOLD - 1), center)
+
+    expect(positions).toEqual([center])
+  })
+
+  it('splits into two labels for forwards at or above the threshold', () => {
+    const length = SHORT_EDGE_LABEL_THRESHOLD + 20
+    const positions = getEdgeLabelPositions(horizontal(length), center)
+
+    expect(positions).toHaveLength(2)
+    const [start, end] = positions
+    expect(start.x).toBeLessThan(length / 2)
+    expect(end.x).toBeGreaterThan(length / 2)
+    expect(start.x + end.x).toBeCloseTo(length)
+  })
+})
diff --git a/src/main/frontend/app/utils/edge-label-utils.ts b/src/main/frontend/app/utils/edge-label-utils.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5009cdf3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/frontend/app/utils/edge-label-utils.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+export type Point = { x: number; y: number }
+
+type CardinalPosition = 'left' | 'right' | 'top' | 'bottom'
+
+export type BezierEdgeGeometry = {
+  sourceX: number
+  sourceY: number
+  targetX: number
+  targetY: number
+  sourcePosition?: string
+  targetPosition?: string
+  curvature?: number
+}
+
+export const SHORT_EDGE_LABEL_THRESHOLD = 600
+export const EDGE_LABEL_END_OFFSET = 150
+
+export function getEdgeLength({ sourceX, sourceY, targetX, targetY }: BezierEdgeGeometry): number {
+  return Math.hypot(targetX - sourceX, targetY - sourceY)
+}
+
+function toCardinalPosition(position: string | undefined, fallback: CardinalPosition): CardinalPosition {
+  return position === 'left' || position === 'right' || position === 'top' || position === 'bottom'
+    ? position
+    : fallback
+}
+
+function getBezierControlOffset(distance: number, curvature: number): number {
+  return distance >= 0 ? 0.5 * distance : curvature * 25 * Math.sqrt(-distance)
+}
+
+function getBezierControlPoint(
+  position: CardinalPosition,
+  x1: number,
+  y1: number,
+  x2: number,
+  y2: number,
+  curvature: number,
+): Point {
+  switch (position) {
+    case 'left': {
+      return { x: x1 - getBezierControlOffset(x1 - x2, curvature), y: y1 }
+    }
+    case 'right': {
+      return { x: x1 + getBezierControlOffset(x2 - x1, curvature), y: y1 }
+    }
+    case 'top': {
+      return { x: x1, y: y1 - getBezierControlOffset(y1 - y2, curvature) }
+    }
+    case 'bottom': {
+      return { x: x1, y: y1 + getBezierControlOffset(y2 - y1, curvature) }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+export function getPointOnBezierEdge(geometry: BezierEdgeGeometry, t: number): Point {
+  const { sourceX, sourceY, targetX, targetY, curvature = 0.25 } = geometry
+  const sourcePosition = toCardinalPosition(geometry.sourcePosition, 'bottom')
+  const targetPosition = toCardinalPosition(geometry.targetPosition, 'top')
+
+  const sourceControl = getBezierControlPoint(sourcePosition, sourceX, sourceY, targetX, targetY, curvature)
+  const targetControl = getBezierControlPoint(targetPosition, targetX, targetY, sourceX, sourceY, curvature)
+
+  const mt = 1 - t
+  const a = mt * mt * mt
+  const b = 3 * mt * mt * t
+  const c = 3 * mt * t * t
+  const d = t * t * t
+
+  return {
+    x: a * sourceX + b * sourceControl.x + c * targetControl.x + d * targetX,
+    y: a * sourceY + b * sourceControl.y + c * targetControl.y + d * targetY,
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Decides where a forward's label(s) go. Short forwards keep a single label at `center`; longer ones
+ * split into two labels sitting a fixed distance after the source circle and before the target circle,
+ * so labels stay readable without pan-zooming.
+ */
+export function getEdgeLabelPositions(geometry: BezierEdgeGeometry, center: Point): Point[] {
+  const length = getEdgeLength(geometry)
+
+  if (length < SHORT_EDGE_LABEL_THRESHOLD) {
+    return [center]
+  }
+
+  const t = Math.min(0.5, EDGE_LABEL_END_OFFSET / length)
+  return [getPointOnBezierEdge(geometry, t), getPointOnBezierEdge(geometry, 1 - t)]
+}