Add support for layout responsive styles

[tellthemachines]

Trac ticket: https://core.trac.wordpress.org/ticket/65164

Use of AI Tools

Code copied across from WordPress/gutenberg#78543 with the aid of copilot.

[github-actions]

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[tellthemachines]

noting that WordPress/gutenberg#78543 also has a change to the states block support that is dependent on #11828 which introduces the file.