Improve lower bound for C_71 to 6.4901128435233943#94
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Summary
This updates the best known lower bound for the Fourier Entropy-Influence constant from
(Hod 2017, arXiv:1711.00762, Theorem 4.4:
$C \ge \beta(1/2) > 6.4547837$ , via a limit of read-once monotone formulas) to
an improvement of +0.0353291435233943 over the table value (second decimal place;$\beta(1/2)$ itself is
the certified margin over the full record value
+0.0353291269606358 — both margins downward-truncated, hence themselves certified).
The full floor-truncated certified value is
The headline function (14 variables) is logic-monotone (verified
exhaustively), and the O'Donnell–Tan amplification family of a monotone seed is
monotone throughout, so the same certificate also improves the monotone-class
record (Hod's Theorem 4.4 holds even restricted to monotone functions, and so
does this bound):
One object, both claims — no orientation caveat is needed (the table is monotone
exactly as shipped).
Conventions are exactly those of the$f:{-1,1}^n \to {-1,1}$ ,
$H(\hat f^2) = \sum_{S\subseteq[n]} \hat f(S)^2 \log_2 (1/\hat f(S)^2)$ (all $S$ ,$S=\emptyset$ ), $\mathrm{Inf}(f) = \sum_S \hat f(S)^2,\lvert S\rvert$
71a.mdpage:including
(= average sensitivity), Fourier coefficients under the uniform measure.
Four earlier, independently certified functions are included as secondary$g_{12}^{\star}$ on 12 variables, logic-monotone,$C_{71} > 6.4760668283689727$ even restricted to monotone functions
$6.47606682836897279657734782555743832480092248239414132791560$ ); $g_{12}$ on 12 variables, logic-monotone,$C_{71} > 6.4742055150632609$ even restricted to monotone functions
$6.47420551506326097672878905526134366478869341423326622617201$ ); $g_{11}$ on$C_{71} > 6.4677460490320769$ (not monotone; full
$6.46774604903207696483653989653517242017762893521060811040418$ ); and $g_{10}$ $C_{71} > 6.4593722816378557$ even
$6.45937228163785573157436161221912416621861332113900446566553$ ). All four are$g_{14}$ (the
exhibits (they document the discovery ladder and give the reviewer smaller or
independent instances to check):
certifying
(the previous headline of this PR; full floor-truncated value
certifying
(the previous headline of this PR; full floor-truncated value
11 variables certifying
floor-truncated value
on 10 variables, logic-monotone, certifying
restricted to monotone functions (full floor-truncated value
strictly superseded by the 14-variable headline
adversarial audit confirms the supersession itself as an exact rational
comparison: $C_{\mathrm{lo}}(g_{14}) - C_{\mathrm{hi}}(g_{12}^{\star}) =
+1.4046\cdot 10^{-2} > 0$, lower endpoint of the new enclosure against the
UPPER endpoint of the old one).
Relation to Hod's construction (attribution)
The incumbent record is Hod's (arXiv:1711.00762, Theorem 4.4: a double-limit of
read-once monotone lexicographic-type formulas). The present construction is not
Hod's family and does not modify it: the new objects are explicit finite balanced
truth tables found by annealing (details below), fed through the standard
O'Donnell–Tan amplification (arXiv:1304.1347, Lemma 5.1; quoted by Hod as his
Proposition 1.2) — the same mechanism as the page's existing 6.278944 entry
[OT2013]. All credit for the incumbent record and for the amplification framework
belongs to Hod and to O'Donnell–Tan respectively; the new content here is the five
seed functions and their machine-checkable certificates.
New bound
[VARIANT A — finite-stage explicit functions.]
The headline object is an explicit balanced, logic-monotone function
$g_{14}$ on $n = 14$ variables (truth table given below), with exact
total influence
(integer Walsh–Hadamard transform; the spectral weights$w_S = \hat f(S)^2$ are$4^n$ ) and certified spectral entropy
exact rationals with denominator
(interval arithmetic at 130 decimal digits; true interval width$< 10^{-126}$ , the$\hat f(\emptyset) = 0$ , verified as the integer identity
$\sum_x f(x) = 0$ (8192 of 16384 inputs map to TRUE), and logic-monotone:$14 \cdot 2^{13} = 114688$ comparable input pairs (and$3^{14}$ subset-comparable pairs in the audit trail).
30-digit endpoints above are floor/ceil truncations of it). It is exactly
balanced:
flipping any input FALSE→TRUE never turns the output TRUE→FALSE, verified
exhaustively over all
independently over all
The secondary exhibits$g_{12}^{\star}$ ($n = 12$ , the previous headline of this$g_{12}$ ($n = 12$ ), $g_{11}$ ($n = 11$ ) and $g_{10}$ ($n = 10$ ) have exact
PR),
influences
($g_{12}$ and $g_{12}^{\star}$ share the same exact influence but are distinct
tables — verified entry-by-entry in the audit) and certified spectral entropies
all exactly balanced by the same integer identity (2048 of 4096 twice, 1024 of$g_{12}^{\star}$ , $g_{12}$ and
$g_{10}$ are logic-monotone exactly as $g_{14}$ is (same exhaustive check).
2048, resp. 512 of 1024 inputs map to TRUE).
Amplification (the only theorem used). O'Donnell–Tan (arXiv:1304.1347),
Lemma 5.1, as quoted verbatim by Hod (arXiv:1711.00762) as Proposition 1.2:
Derivation chain, with each hypothesis verified exactly (this is the audit's
$F(g_1,\dots,g_k)$ factors uniquely as $\chi = \prod_{i\in S}\chi_{T_i}$ with
$T_i \neq \emptyset$ (uniqueness because the copies are variable-disjoint; no
$T_i = \emptyset$ terms because $\hat g(\emptyset) = \mathbb E[g] = 0$ ). Hence
$H[F\circ g] = H[F] + I[F],H[g]$ and $I[F\circ g] = I[F],I[g]$ hold. Iterating
$f_m = g(f_{m-1},\dots,f_{m-1})$ (disjoint copies, $f_0 = g$ ) gives, for balanced
$g$ ,
independent re-derivation; we do not take the formula on faith): for balanced
inner functions on disjoint variables, every Fourier character of the composition
there are no character collisions and the exact identities
each$f_m$ a genuine finite Boolean function, every composition level again
exactly balanced. Hypotheses, verified exactly for all five seeds:
and keeps every composition level balanced);
above);
dictators, which have
The denominator is$(I-1)$ , not $I$ — confirmed three ways (OT Lemma 5.1, Hod$H/I$ of the seeds are$\approx 3.301$ , $3.276$ , $3.275$ , $3.26$ , $3.24$ and are never quoted as bounds.$H$ intervals by the exact $I-1$ gives
Prop 1.2, independent derivation above); the raw ratios
only
Exact rational division of the certified
and for the secondary exhibits
all floor-truncated lower endpoints, all$> \beta(1/2)$ by exact rational$\beta(1/2)$ (not merely against
comparison against a certified upper enclosure of
the published decimal 6.4547837).
Monotone-class bound (carried by the headline itself). The shipped
$g_{14}$ table is logic-monotone as encoded — no reorientation, no$114688$ comparable input pairs by the embedded${f_m}$ built from
$g_{14}$ is monotone, and
negation: flipping any input FALSE→TRUE never turns the output TRUE→FALSE,
verified exhaustively over all
script below and by every checker in the trail. Composition of monotone
functions is monotone, so the entire amplification family
like Hod's Theorem 4.4 — the general and monotone records coincide in this one$g_{12}^{\star}$ (the previous headline)$g_{12}$ are likewise logic-monotone exactly as shipped (same exhaustive
$24576$ -pair check at $n = 12$ ), and $g_{10}$ is logic-monotone as$5120$ comparable pairs; one transparency note: the
$tt'[x] = tt[x \oplus 1023]$ , the monotone representative — $H$ , $I$ and balance$g_{11}$ carries no monotone claim (it is not monotone
certificate. Of the secondary exhibits,
and
shipped (verified over all
search originally produced it in the input-negated orientation, and the table in
c71_certificate_n10.jsonis the global input negationare invariant under input negation, so the certificate values are identical for
both orientations).
in any orientation; exhaustively checked).
The objects (truth tables — these ARE the construction)
Structural note, stated up front: these are genuinely new annealed truth$521/256$ , $259/128$ (twice, two distinct tables), $129/64$ , $257/128$ match$n = 14$ and warm-started from the then-certified$g_{12}^{\star}$ padded by two variables (2026-06-11); $g_{12}^{\star}$ $g_{12}$ — rank 0$g_{12}$ itself was found by that$g_{10}$ monotone winner padded up;
$g_{11}$ and $g_{10}$ were found by simulated
tables, not members of any known family. Total influence is an NPN invariant,
and
no known FEI seed (Hod's $g_m/g'm$ family has
$I = (5-2^{3-2m})/3 \in {3/2, 13/8, 53/32, 213/128, 853/512,\dots}$; balanced
lexicographic functions are dictators with $H = 0$; majorities, tribes,
and parities all mismatch). Their spectra have full-degree support (4542, 1361, 2176,
1052, resp. 738 nonzero coefficients) with a smooth, near-geometric level-weight
decay ($w_1 \approx 0.447$, $w_2 \approx 0.267$, $w_3 \approx 0.159$,
$w_4 \approx 0.083$ for the headline; ratio $\approx 0.6$ per level) matching no
read-once or lexicographic object — "maximum entropy at fixed influence"
structures. The headline $g{14}$ was found by the same
anneal-plus-greedy-polish search over balanced logic-monotone tables (moves:
(maximal-FALSE, minimal-TRUE) pair swaps, which preserve balance and
monotonicity exactly), run at
incumbent
was found by the same search in an overnight record-extension burst
(2026-06-10/11) warm-started from the then-certified incumbent
of 88 records from the full 600-minute run;
search warm-started from the certified
annealing on a biased-measure score functional, then rebalanced by 2 (resp. 4)
greedy truth-table flips to exact balance. This provenance is discovery narrative
only — the certificates rest solely on the explicit tables below and Prop 1.2.
Canonical encoding (Hod's): index$x \in [0, 2^n)$ ; bit $i$ of $x$ set means
$x_{i+1} = -1 = \mathrm{TRUE}$ . The hex strings are the TRUE-set bitmasks (bit $x$ $\iff f(x) = -1$ ); SHA-256 is over the comma-joined decimal
$\pm 1$ truth table string.
of the integer set
80929c1b10f4941ba56f13dd355ebaa4c2fabb602df9125a68755c116859d527):35438a105857623fbd9fdcbee353b9e34b7de683d1132be37f3b1a40346cf714):ff94bc3b5fc2ea3a8fd3e6620588dda972ac7b6366e8c7597936535cd0543adb):2547edf8ac052babfc87b42ab7a402330258d6a9533c542dd8cef449da630383):2ec326a08661bdae8a2f830906bacd1cfa68cd17e767afd736848cbc6e4edf9f):Exact data:$\hat f(\emptyset) = 0$ for all five; nonzero spectral weights: 4542$g_{14}$ ), 1361 ($g_{12}^{\star}$ ), 2176 ($g_{12}$ ), 1052 ($g_{11}$ ) and 738$g_{10}$ ) sets; Parseval $\sum_S w_S = 1$ exact. Machine-readable certificates
(
(
(full integer spectra, exact influences, floor-truncated entropy/ratio digit
strings):
c71_certificate_n14.json(headline; its truth table ships alongsideas
c71_input_table_n14.json, bound to the certificate by the SHA-256 above),certificate_burst_n12_overnight.json(with the official verifier's own outputverifier_cert_burst_n12_overnight.json),c71_certificate_n12.json,c71_certificate_n11.json,c71_certificate_n10.json(attached:gist).
Verification
The certificate is self-verifying. The only transcendental step is$\log_2$ ,
$6.4547837166 = 64547837166/10^{10}$ (a certified strict upper bound on
$\beta(1/2)$ , hence stronger than the page's bar $6.4547837$ ) are exact rational$C_{71}$ .
enclosed with
mpmathinterval arithmetic; all comparisons againstcomparisons of interval endpoints. The reported bounds are floor-truncations of
the LOWER endpoints, hence rigorous lower bounds on
Exact commands:
Expected output (pasted from a real run, 2026-06-11, exit code 0):
Each certificate was checked by four independent code paths (zero shared
math code between any two of them), all exit 0 on the final certificates:
fei_verify.py) — integer fast WHT,exact
Fractioninfluence, interval entropy at dps ≥ 100, Parseval enforced;balance and
beats_recordtruefor all five (the headline verified at dps = 130; its certificate
c71_certificate_n14.jsonin the gist IS the verifier's output, itselfre-checked).
fei_check.py) — recursive-cofactorFourier (no butterfly), edge-boundary/average-sensitivity influence (no
Fourier), recomputation at higher dps with interval-containment checks;
exit 0 on all five final certificates.
exact rationals, run on every hit before certification; for the
logic-monotonicity, exact balance and Parseval at creation time).
scratch, zero imports from any verifier above): for
adversarial_audit_independent.py; for theaudits (
audit_burst_fourthline.pyforADVERSARIAL_AUDIT_BURST.md;audit_burst_fourthline_overnight.pyfor(
audit_ridge_fourthline_n14.py— the same independent machinery on theadapted input, plus the exact-rational cross-cert comparison
against the old certificate's UPPER enclosure endpoint, plus adversarial
perturbation tests as negative controls: a single-entry flip, a balanced
pair swap, a monotonicity tamper, a bumped quoted digit and an inflated
record bar are each correctly rejected by the corresponding check) — two
independent WHTs (direct
route), two influence routes (spectral + edge-boundary), two entropy routes
(mpmath intervals at dps = 130 AND pure-rational range-reduced atanh-series
log bounds with explicit remainders), independent
with certified tail, exact rational verdict path throughout, exhaustive
monotonicity over all comparable pairs (covering pairs AND full
enumeration), digit-by-digit floor-truncation verification of every quoted
string, machine check of the amplification identities on a concrete seed,
and NPN known-family exclusion. Exit 0.
The standalone
check_c71.pyabove is a fifth, self-contained path (derived fromthe project's checker template, certificates inlined) intended for the reviewer.
Standard caveats
the same mechanism as the page's existing 6.278944 entry [OT2013]. The bound
certifies
(
function attains it. This matches how the existing OT2013 row is quoted.
exact floor-truncation of the certified interval's lower endpoint, never a
nearest-rounded float. (Process note: an earlier internal version of the
certificate JSONs had their final 59th digit nearest-rounded by the formatting
path of the project verifier; this was caught by the adversarial audit and the
certificates regenerated — no quoted digit anywhere in this PR comes from that
path. The 16- and 30-digit headline values were always valid truncations. The
fourth-line audit of
headline certificate to be floor-exact, digit by digit, against its own
independently derived enclosures.)
shipped (exhaustively verified, no reorientation), so the general and
monotone-class bounds coincide at
secondary exhibits,
as shipped,
is monotone via the representative actually shipped (the
search-orientation table is its global input negation — stated explicitly
above), and
(
[OT2013; CKLS2015], so the new value is consistent with all known upper bounds.
functions via OT 2013 Prop 1.2 (Lemma 5.1), as stated and hypothesis-checked
above. The raw ratios
inside the certificates'
ratio_intervalfield and are never claimed as bounds.AI assistance disclosure
This is a fully AI-derived result: the construction was found and certified by
Mosaic Intelligence's automated search-and-verification system, and the
submission text was AI-prepared. All numerical results and references were
independently re-run and verified before submission.